کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
2414037 1552063 2014 10 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Tillage and nitrogen fertilization effects on nitrous oxide yield-scaled emissions in a rainfed Mediterranean area
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
اثرات لقاح خاک و نیتروژن بر تولید اکسید نیتروژن در مقیاس کوچک در منطقه مدیترانه بارانی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک علوم زراعت و اصلاح نباتات
چکیده انگلیسی


• N2O emissions as affected by tillage and N fertilization were quantified in two experiments.
• In the long-term, similar N2O was emitted by no-tillage and conventional tillage.
• The use of no-tillage and pig slurry reduced the yield-scaled N2O emissions.

There is a strong need to identify the combination of tillage and N fertilization practices that reduce the amount of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions while maintaining crop productivity in dryland Mediterranean areas. We measured the fluxes of N2O in two field experiments with 3 and 15 years since their establishment. In the long-term experiment, two types of tillage (NT, no-tillage, and CT, conventional intensive tillage) and three mineral N fertilization rates (0, 60 and 120 kg N ha−1) were compared. In the short-term experiment, the same tillage systems (CT and NT) and three N fertilization doses (0, 75 and 150 kg N ha−1) and two types of fertilizers (mineral N and organic N with pig slurry) were compared. N2O emissions, water-filled pore space, soil mineral N content, grain yields, N-biomass inputs and soil total nitrogen (STN) stocks were quantified and the N2O yield-scaled ratio as kg of CO2 equivalents per kg of grain produced was calculated. In both experiments tillage treatments significantly affected the dynamics of N2O fluxes. Cumulative losses of N as N2O were similar between tillage treatments in the long-term field experiment. Contrarily, although not significant, cumulative N losses were about 35% greater under NT than CT in the short-term experiment. NT significantly increased the production of grain and the inputs of N to the soil as above-ground biomass in both experiments. Averaged across fertilizer treatments, CT emitted 0.362 and 0.104 kg CO2 equiv. kg grain−1 in the long-term and the short-term experiment, respectively, significantly more than NT that emitted 0.033 and 0.056 kg CO2 equiv. kg grain−1, respectively. Nitrogen fertilization rates did not affect the average N2O fluxes or the total N losses during the period of gas measurement in the long-term experiment. Contrarily, in the short-term experiment, N2O emissions increased with application rate for both mineral and organic fertilizers. The use of pig slurry increased grain production when compared with the mineral N treatment, thus reducing the yield-scaled emissions of N2O by 44%. Our results showed that in rainfed Mediterranean agroecosystems, the use of NT and pig slurry are effective means of yield-scaled N2O emissions reduction.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment - Volume 189, 1 May 2014, Pages 43–52
نویسندگان
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