کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
2512545 1118360 2013 10 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors controlling attention: Behavior, circuits and sensitivity to disruption by nicotine
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم پزشکی و سلامت داروسازی، سم شناسی و علوم دارویی داروشناسی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors controlling attention: Behavior, circuits and sensitivity to disruption by nicotine
چکیده انگلیسی

Attention is a central cognitive function that enables long-term engagement in a task and suppression of irrelevant information to obtain future goals. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the main link in integrating emotional and motivational state of an animal to regulate top-down attentional processes. Acetylcholine modulates PFC neuronal networks by activating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to support attention. However, how neuronal activity changes in the PFC during attention and which nAChR subtypes mediate this is only rudimentarily understood, but progress is being made. Recently, exciting new insights were obtained in the dynamics of cholinergic signaling in the PFC and modes of acetylcholine transmission via nAChRs in the cortex. In addition, mechanisms are uncovered on how the PFC circuitry is regulated by nAChRs. Novel studies show that endogenous activation of nAChRs in the PFC plays a central role in controlling attention. Here, we review current insights into how different subtypes of nAChRs expressed by distinct types of neurons in the PFC circuitry shape attention. In addition we discuss the impact of nicotine on the cholinergic system and prefrontal cortical circuits. Low concentrations of nicotine, as experienced by smokers, interfere with cholinergic signaling. In the long-term exposure to nicotine during adolescence leads to maladaptive adaptations of the PFC circuitry, which ultimately leads to a decrement in attention performance, again emphasizing the importance of nAChRs in attention.

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ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Biochemical Pharmacology - Volume 86, Issue 8, 15 October 2013, Pages 1089–1098
نویسندگان
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