Spermine increases arginase activity in the liver after carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury in Long-Evans rats

Arginase is the enzyme which synthesizes urea and ornithine, a precursor from which putrescine, spermidine and spermine are formed. These natural polyamines have been implicated in cell growth, replication and wound healing. The present study evaluated the possibility that spermine increases arginase activity and reduces liver damage caused by carbon tetrachloride. Intraperitoneally injected spermine at a dose of 1 mg/kg after a single intragastric administration of carbon tetrachloride (1.6 ml/kg) increased arginase activity (6.30-7.79 μg urea/mg protein per min) (P < 0.05) as well as total protein content (0.29-0.37 mg/mg dry weight) in hepatic tissue, compared to the group which only received carbon tetrachloride. When liver cell damage was biochemically assessed, the carbon tetrachloride-treated group showed a 20-fold increase in serum glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase, compared to the control group (P < 0.05), and this was significantly diminished by the administration of spermine (P < 0.05). Serum triglycerides increased four times compared to the control group as a result of the carbon tetrachloride treatment and were diminished by spermine as well. These results indicate that spermine may play a role in the recovery of liver tissue after carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury, maybe by increasing the synthesis of putrescine, a polyamine which has been found out to participate in the recovery of the hepatic tissue after an insult with carbon tetrachloride.