Evaluation of the antiulcerogenic and analgesic activities of Cordia verbenacea DC. (Boraginaceae)

Ethnopharmacological relevanceCordia verbenacea is a medicinal plant popularly used in Brazil as anti-inflammatory, antiulcer and anti-rheumatic agent without detailed pharmacological and toxicological studies.Aim of the studyThe study was aimed to investigate the effects of Cordia verbenacea in antiulcer, analgesic and antioxidant assays, as well as to evaluate its toxic effects and phytochemical profile.Material and methodsAntiulcer activity of plant extract was evaluated using ethanol/HCl, ethanol and piroxican-induced gastric lesions methods. The pH, volume and total acid of gastric juice were determined by pylorus-ligated assay. Analgesic activity was evaluated by writhing, tail-flick and hot-plate tests. Antioxidant activity was determined by in vitro lipoperoxidation assay. Acute toxicity and number of deaths were evaluated by Hippocratic screening.ResultsThe ethanol leaf extract shows a potent antiulcer activity in the ethanol/HCl and absolute ethanol-induced gastric lesions. The IC50 value of plant extract on the lipid peroxidation was 76.11 μg/ml. Preliminary phytochemical tests were positive for flavonoids, steroids, saponins, fixed acids, alkaloids and phenols. In the analgesic models the extract did not present any activity.ConclusionsCordial verbenaceae showed a potent antiulcer activity at the dose of 125 mg/kg and this effect may be associated with an improvement in stomach antioxidant mechanisms.