Rasagiline in Parkinson's disease: A review based on meta-analysis of clinical data

Rasagiline (Azilect®) is a selective and irreversible monoamine oxidase B inhibitor, which is well tolerated, safe, improves motor symptoms, and prevents motor complications in Parkinson's disease (PD). Rasagiline is effective in monotherapy and as an adjunct to levodopa-therapy, with beneficial effects on quality-of-life parameters in early and late stages of PD. In this review, we compare the efficacy of rasagiline versus placebo for decreasing PD symptoms. Major databases (Medline, the Cochrane Library) were systematically searched to identify and select clinical randomized control trials of rasagiline. The Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) for rasagiline monotherapy and reduction in off-time for combined treatment were the outcomes assessed. Rasagiline monotherapy, in early stages of the disease, reduces the UPDRS score [−3.06 (95% CI −3.81 to −2.31, p < 0.00001) with rasagiline 1 mg/day]. In combination with levodopa, 1 mg/day of rasagiline reduced off-time [−0.93 h (95% CI −1.17 to −0.69, p < 0.00001)]. However, although rasagiline reduces the UPDRS score [−0.89 (95% CI from −1.78 to 0, p = 0.05)] in trials with a delayed-start design, we found a disagreement between studies and doses, making it difficult to interpret this result. In conclusion, our results confirm the efficacy of rasagiline in PD, but the clinical significance of these data remains to be established. Furthermore, the delayed-start study design did not establish with certainty the neuroprotective effect of rasagiline. It is advisable to carry out comparative trials with other drugs used in Parkinson's disease.