Genetic algorithm with modified reproduction strategy based on self-organizing map and usable schema

In this paper, we propose a new updating method considering usability of each element of inputs and apply it to the reproduction of the GA to achieve more effective search than the traditional reproduction. In the proposed updating method, the order of updating elements is decided by averaging the corresponding elements multiplied by fitness values of the chromosomes. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed updating method, the GA with the modified reproduction is applied to 0–1 knapsack problem.