Effects of two oils and 16 pure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on plasmatic immune parameters in the European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linné)

The in vitro effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on two plasmatic immune parameters, lysozyme concentration and haemolytic alternative complement activity, of the European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, were tested using field (10−7 and 10−9 mg mL−1) and high concentrations (10−3 and 10−5 mg mL−1) observed during oil spills. Peripheral blood from 105 fish was collected, centrifuged at 1200g, for 10 min, at 4 °C and three plasma pools, each of 35 fish, were constituted. Two oils (heavy fuel oil and light cycle oil) and 16 pure PAHs, selected on the basis of the American Environmental Protection Agency list (US EPA), were tested in vitro on the two humoral immune parameters. Only three pure PAHs (anthracene, chrysene and dibenz[a,h]anthracene) modulated lysozyme concentration. Acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, pyrene and light cycle oil modified the haemolytic alternative complement activity after 4 h of incubation. This study investigates the direct effects of several PAHs on fish humoral immune functions and describes the haemolytic complement activity of fish as suitable biomarkers of oil pollution.