Pressure ulcer and patient characteristics – A point prevalence study in a tertiary hospital of India based on the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel minimum data set

• Overall prevalence was found to be 7.8%, after excluding grade I ulcers it was 6.7%.
• Prevalence in ICU was 24.3%.
• Pressure ulcers were more frequent in sacral region and gluteal region.
• Prevalence of Pressure ulcers was higher among patients hospitalized for more than a month.
• Immobilization also was found to be a significant factor for developing pressure ulcers.

BackgroundPressure ulcers is a frequent problem in hospitalized patients. Several prevalence studies have been conducted across the globe. Little information is available regarding prevalence of pressure ulcers in India.PurposeThe aim was to identify the prevalence of pressure ulcers in one of the tertiary hospital in northern India and the factors associated with its development.DesignA cross sectional point prevalence study.InstrumentsEuropean Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (EPUAP) data collection form.MethodsEthics approval was obtained prior to start of the study. Total of 358 patients were enrolled in the study. All patients above 18 years of age admitted in intensive care units and wards were included in the study. Patients admitted in emergency, day care, coronary care unit were excluded because of their short duration of hospital stay (varies from 24 to 72 h usually). All patients admitted before midnight on the predetermined day were included. The Braden scale was used to identify the risk of developing pressure ulcers. European Pressure ulcer advisory panel (EPUAP) minimum data set was used to collect prevalence data.ResultsThe overall prevalence rate was 7.8%.The sacrum and heel were more commonly affected. Grade III pressure ulcers were the most common (42.8%).ConclusionThe pressure ulcer prevalence rate in our hospital was lower than that published in international studies. Severe forms of pressure ulcers were commonly encountered This data provides background information that may help us in developing protocols for applying effective practices for prevention of pressure ulcers.