Les relations entre microbiote intestinal et lipides

The human intestine harbours a complex bacterial community called the gut microbiota. This microbiota is specific of each individual despite the existence of several bacterial species shared by the majority of adults. The influence of the gut microbiota on host's physiology and its lipid metabolism has been largely studied using germfree (devoid of a gut microbiota) animals. Indeed, these animals are resistant to diet induced obesity along with improved insulin sensitivity and reduced dyslipidemia or steatosis development. In humans, several grams of lipids reach the colon each day. These lipids have an impact on the gut microbiota composition and activities. Concurrently, the gut microbiota is able to convert lipids, including fatty acids or cholesterol, leading to the production of metabolites with potential health effects.