Apports alimentaires et dépenses énergétiques d'adolescents footballeurs de haut niveau: comparaison de deux méthodes d′évaluation des apports

Food intake was assessed over 7 consecutive days in 14 adolescent soccer players (14.1 y; 1.65 ± 0.07 m; 55.4 ± 7.6 kg) housed in a training Centre equipped with a self-service restaurant, using the weighed diet record method and the SU.VI.MAX iconographic method. Nutrient intake was estimated using the software Prodiet®. Daily energy expenditure (DEE) was assessed using a factorial method after a seven day activity record. Mean food and nutrient intakes were nearly adequate. However, intakes of starchy foods, fruit and vegetables were too low, whereas intake of sugar rich foods was too high. Mean saturated fatty acid intake was in excess, whereas PUFA intake was lower than RDA. Calcium, magnesium and iron intakes were close to RDA. Mean daily energy intake agreed with the mean estimated DEE. However, the high inter-individual variability in food choice, food and nutrient intakes, as well as food inadequacy during the weekend, must be underlined. The SU.VI.MAX iconographic method was adequate to assess energy and nutrient intakes in a group of adolescent athletes, but unappropriate for assessment in individuals. In addition, the adolescents underestimated intake of their favourite meals (starchy foods) and overvalued intake of fruit and vegetables.