Prognostic Impact of Preoperative Anemia on Urothelial and Extraurothelial Recurrence in Patients With Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Patients with preoperative anemia had a greater probability of having upper tract urothelial carcinoma with higher tumor stages, higher tumor grades, and lymph node metastasis (pN+). Preoperative anemia was statistically significantly associated with worse cancer-specific survival and extraurothelial recurrence in patients who underwent radical nephroureterectomy.