Aromatic guest inclusion by a tripodal ligand: Fluorescence and structural studies

The newly synthesized simple tripodal ligand tris-[2-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)-ethyl]-amine (L1) act as a fluorescence signaling system for aromatic guest. It forms inclusion complexes with several electron deficient aromatic compounds. This inclusion phenomenon has been studied by steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy and solid-state structural analysis. Electron-rich L1 shows dramatic color change and a concomitant quenching of luminescence in solution as well as solid phase when titrated with several other electron deficient aromatic guest molecules. Rather high selectivity towards the picric acid was observed. L1 simultaneously forms inclusion complex and organic salt co-crystal with the composition [(L1H+) (Pic−)] ⊂ PicH (PicH = picric acid) when crystallized in the presence of picric acid. In the solid state, it forms a strong π–π, C–H⋯π and C–H⋯O type interactions.