Primary central nervous system lymphoma as a cause of hemichorea in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: A case report and a review of the literature

Movement disorders in patients with HIV are usually observed as the initial signals of the syndrome or as a late complication of opportunistic infections. The presence of chorea in these patients is usually considered pathognomonic of toxoplasmosis. We report the case of a 24-year old patient with HIV who presented right hemichorea and bilateral, asymmetrical basal ganglia lesions. He received treatment for toxoplasmosis for two and a half weeks without modification of the cerebral lesions. Necropsy was consistent with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).