Other Causes of Pediatric Deformity

Pediatric spine deformity can result from a variety of conditions. The etiologies include idiopathic, congenital, neuromuscular, traumatic, iatrogenic, and radiation-induced spine deformities. The spine deformity may manifest as scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis, or a mixed deformity. In this article, the authors discuss the classification, natural history, and management of congenital scoliosis. They conclude with a discussion of the various etiologies for neuromuscular scoliosis.