Second generation direct antivirals and the way to interferon-free regimens in chronic HCV

Treatment for those infected with chronic hepatitis C virus [HCV] has until recently been hampered by the lack of therapies other than pegylated interferon and ribavirin, which have limited efficacy and a difficult side effect profile. To address this, multiple new direct acting antiviral drugs which specifically target the non-structural proteins involved in HCV replication are in phase II/III development. This review will discuss the HCV replication cycle, mechanisms of action of the new direct acting antiviral drugs, results from published trials into their efficacy and the potential for interferon free treatment regimens in the future.