Association of polymorphisms in the first exon of mannose binding lectin gene (MBL2) in Brazilian patients with HCV infection

In our study we investigated the role of the polymorphisms in the first exon of MBL2 gene in the susceptibility to HCV infection and disease progression in a Northeastern Brazilian population. One hundred and eleven patients seen at the Gastroenterology Service of the Oswaldo Cruz Hospital of the University of Pernambuco were included in this study. A total of 165 unexposed, uninfected individuals matched for place of origin were employed as healthy controls. MBL2 genotyping was performed by using a melting temperature assay. The 0 allele was significantly more frequent in the HCV positive group than the healthy controls (34% vs. 20%, p < 0.01, respectively) and was associated to an increased risk of HCV-1 infection (O.R. = 2.1; C.I. 1.41–3.19). Also genotypes frequencies were significantly different in HCV positive subjects when compared to healthy controls with the 00 and A0 genotypes being significantly overrepresented in HCV infected subject (15% and 37%, respectively) as compared to healthy subjects (6% and 27%, respectively, p < 0.01 ) Allele and genotypes frequencies were also evaluated in HCV infected subjects according to their response to pegylated-INFα/riboviron therapy. There was a trend for HCV positive responders vs. non-responders to be 0 allele positive and a similar trend was observed for the MBL2 A0 and 00 genotypes, but neither of these reached statistical significance.Our findings indicate that MBL might represent an important antiviral molecule having a protective role in the first stages of HCV infection, as shown by the increased frequency of wild-type alleles in control population as compared to the infected group.