Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: Role of Interventional Radiology in Diagnosis and Treatment

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. The interventional radiologist plays an important role in the diagnosis and locoregional therapy for metastatic GISTs. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a potentially curative option for patients exhibiting partial response to imatinib with focal residual disease. RFA can also be used for local control of focal hepatic or peritoneal metastasis. Hepatic embolization or chemoembolization is reserved for the treatment of progressive liver disease in imatinib-resistant patients who are not suitable for sunitinib as a second-line therapy.