Human Blood Group Genes 2010: Chromosomal Locations and Cloning Strategies Revisited

Thirty human blood group systems are now recognized. Corresponding genes have been cloned and characterized for all of the systems and localized to single cytogenetic bands on 14 autosomes and the X chromosome. In this review, we summarize this information, highlighting the most recently defined blood group system (Rh-associated glycoprotein) and the developing understanding of the P1 system and the complex molecular basis for its phenotypes.