Identification and characterization of CD4+ T-cell epitopes on GapC protein of Streptococcus dysgalactiae

• Two novel Streptococcus dysgalactiae GapC CD4+ T-cell epitopes were for the first time identified.
• Two epitopes, GapC63–77 and GapC96–110, preferentially elicited polarized Th1 or Th17-type responses.
• Our findings are available for further study of epitope-based vaccines.

The GapC protein is highly conserved surface dehydrogenase among Streptococcus dysgalactiae (S. dysgalactiae) and is shown to be involved in bacterial virulence. Immunization of GapC protein can induce specific CD4+ T-cell immune responses and protect against S. dysgalactiae infection. However, there are no studies to identify immunodominant CD4+ T-cell epitopes on GapC protein. In this study, in silico MHC affinity measurement method was firstly used to predict potential CD4+ T-cell epitopes on GapC protein. Six predictive 15-mer peptides were synthesized and two novel GapC CD4+ T-cell epitopes, GapC63–77 and GapC96–110, were for the first time identified using CD4+ T-cells obtained from GapC-immunized BALB/c (H-2d) and C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice spleen based on cell proliferation and cytokines response. The results showed that peptides containing 63–77 and 96–110 induced significant antigen-specific CD4+ T-cells proliferation response in vivo. At the same time, high levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A, as well as moderate levels of IL-10 and IL-4 were detected in CD4+ T-cells isolated from both GapC and peptide-immunized mice in vivo, suggesting that GapC63–77 and GapC96–110 preferentially elicited polarized Th1/Th17-type responses. The characterization of GapC CD4+ T-cell epitopes not only helps us understand its protective immunity, but also contributes to design effective T-cell epitope-based vaccine against S. dysgalactiae infection.