Genomic analysis of filoviruses associated with four viral hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2012

• Four filovirus outbreaks were identified by surveillance and laboratory testing.
• Virus sequences confirmed the emergence of SUDV and MARV in Uganda and BDBV in DRC.
• Sequence analyses provided a tool to confirm infection and transmission events.

In 2012, an unprecedented number of four distinct, partially overlapping filovirus-associated viral hemorrhagic fever outbreaks were detected in equatorial Africa. Analysis of complete virus genome sequences confirmed the reemergence of Sudan virus and Marburg virus in Uganda, and the first emergence of Bundibugyo virus in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.