Molecular identification of 13 new enterovirus types, EV79–88, EV97, and EV100–101, members of the species Human Enterovirus B

Molecular methods have enabled the rapid identification of new enterovirus (EV) serotypes that are untypeable using existing neutralizing antisera. As a result, sequencing of the VP1 capsid gene has been developed as a surrogate for antigenic typing to distinguish enterovirus types. In this study, 17 enterovirus isolates from four countries were identified as members of 13 new types within the species Human Enterovirus B (HEV-B) by complete genome sequencing. Members of each of these new types are at least 75% identical to one another (91% amino acid identity) in VP1, but members of different types differ from one another and from other enteroviruses by at least 27% in nucleotide sequence (26% amino acid sequence difference). The complete P1 (capsid) sequences of the new types are at least 17% different from those of all other enterovirus serotypes (14.5% amino acid sequence difference), but they are highly conserved within a type (<8% amino acid sequence difference). For both VP1 and P1, the 17 isolates are monophyletic by type with respect to all other EV serotypes. The P2 and P3 sequences are closely related to those of other HEV-B viruses (>93% amino acid identity), confirming that the 17 new strains belong to HEV-B. We propose that these 17 isolates be classified as members of 13 new human enterovirus types, enteroviruses 79–88, 97, and 100–101.