An empirical investigation of six levels of enterprise resource planning integration

• Proposes a six-level ERP integration model based on empirical examination.
• Empirical data was collected through a large-scale survey of ERP professionals.
• The survey data are used with the partial least squares (PLSs) analysis.
• Finding shows that six-level ERP integration model is validated.
• Academic and practical implications are discussed.

The purpose of this research is to propose a six-level ERP integration model and to empirically investigate if each of the six levels exists. The six levels are system-specification, system–user, islands-of-technology, organizational, socio-organizational, and global integration. Empirical data were collected by using a large-scale survey of ERP professionals. We conducted various validity and reliability tests to confirm the proposed theoretical framework. Using partial least squares (PLSs) analysis, the results of the investigation confirmed the existence of the six levels of ERP integration. The results of the investigation have implications for research and practice.