Brachytherapy for genital-tract rhabdomyosarcomas in girls: technical aspects, reports, and perspectives

SummaryRhabdomyosarcoma is a mesenchymal disease that represents 15–20% of childhood cancers and is the most common soft-tissue tumour in children. Most reviews on paediatric brachytherapy have described the experience of expert institutions with different brachytherapy techniques in a heterogeneous set of childhood malignant diseases. Brachytherapy reports focusing on specific types or locations (or both) are scarce. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the genital tract is recognised as one of the most curable forms of rhabdomyosarcoma. A multidisciplinary approach with more efficacious multidrug chemotherapy, conservative surgery, and limited radiotherapy, such as brachytherapy, has been used to help improve success rates. This review aims to offer perspectives and analysis on the effectiveness and complications of brachytherapy in gynaecological rhabdomyosarcoma management.