Urinary tract infections in children with prenatal hydronephrosis: A risk assessment from the Society for Fetal Urology Hydronephrosis Registry

Identification of factors associated with UTI in patients with PNH is still progressing; however, several observational studies have identified groups that may be at increased risk of UTI. Use of prophylactic antibiotics (PA), degree of kidney dilation, gender, and circumcision status all have been reported to have some degree of impact on UTI. A previous study identified risk factors for UTI as female gender, uncircumcised status, hydroureteronephrosis, and VUR, and reported that prophylaxis provided a protective effect on prevention of UTI. Our data mirror those in some respect, identifying an association of UTI with female gender and, among males, uncircumcised status, and high grade hydronephrosis. However, we were unable to demonstrate an association between UTI and the use of PA, presence of VUR, dilated ureter, or renal duplication in this observational registry.