Comparative Bioavailability and Tolerability of a Single 2-mg Dose of 2 Repaglinide Tablet Formulations in Fasting, Healthy Chinese Male Volunteers: An Open-Label, Randomized-Sequence, 2-Period Crossover Study

BackgroundRepaglinide, an oral insulin secretagogue, was the first meglitinide analogue to be approved for use in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.ObjectiveIn our study, the bioavailability and tolerability of the proposed generic formulation with the established reference formulation of repaglinide 2 mg were compared in a fasting, healthy Chinese male population.MethodsThis 2-week, open-label, randomized-sequence, single-dose, 2-period crossover study was conducted in 22 healthy native Han Chinese male volunteers. Eligible subjects were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive a single 2-mg dose of the test or reference formulation, followed by a 7-day washout period and administration of the alternate formulation. After an overnight fast, subjects received a single oral dose of repaglinide (2 mg). Blood samples were drawn at predetermined time points (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 hours). All plasma concentrations of repaglinide were measured by LC-MS/MS. The observed Cmax, Tmax, t1/2, and AUC were assessed. The formulations were to be considered bioequivalent if the ln-transformed ratios of Cmax and AUC were within the predetermined bioequivalence range of 80% to 125% established by the State Food and Drug Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Tolerability was assessed throughout the study via subject interview, vital signs, and blood sampling.ResultsThe mean (SD) age of the subjects was 24.2 (2.3) years; their mean (SD) weight was 62.6 (5.8) kg, their mean (SD) height was 172 (5.7) cm, and their mean (SD) body mass index was 21.0 (1.1). The mean (SD) Cmax for repaglinide with the test and reference formulations were 20.0 (5.1) and 18.7 (8.7) ng/mL. The AUC0–t for the test formulation was 46.3 (15.1) and AUC0–∞ was 47.9 (16.5) ng
• h/mL. With the reference formulation, the corresponding values were 46.4 (26.1) and 49.0 (31.3) ng
• h/mL. The mean (SD) Tmax values with the test and reference formulations were 1.2 (0.7) hours and 1.5 (0.8) hours and the mean (SD) values t1/2 values were 1.0 (0.3), and 0.9 (0.3) hours, respectively. The ln-transformed ratios of Cmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞ were 113.6:1, 105.6:1, and 104.7:1. The corresponding 90% CIs were 99.8 to 129.2, 93.4 to 119.5, and 91.8 to 119.5, respectively.ConclusionsThis single-dose study found that the test and reference formulations of repaglinide met the regulatory criteria for bioequivalence in these fasting, healthy Chinese male volunteers. Both formulations appeared to be well tolerated. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: 2012L01684.