Intergroup biases: a focus on stereotype content

• The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) shows two basic dimensions: warmth and competence.
• Ambivalent stereotypes indicate respect but not liking or liking but not respect.
• Perceived social structure (competition, status) predicts these stereotypes.
• Stereotypes predict distinct emotional prejudices (envy, disgust, pity, pride).
• SCM generalizes across cultures, time, and levels from neural to social to ideology.

Impressions of others, including societal groups, systematically array along two dimensions, warmth (trustworthiness/friendliness) and competence. Social structures of competition and status respectively predict these usually orthogonal dimensions. Prejudiced emotions (pride, pity, contempt, and envy) target each quadrant, and distinct discriminatory behavioral tendencies result. The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) patterns generalize across time (2oth century), culture (every populated continent), level of analysis (targets from individuals to subtypes to groups to nations), and measures (from neural to self-report to societal indicators). Future directions include individual differences in endorsement of these cultural stereotypes and how perceivers view combinations across the SCM space.