FREP: Energy proportionality for disk storage using replication

Energy saving has become a crucial concern in datacenters as several reports predict that the anticipated energy costs over a three year period will exceed hardware acquisition. In particular, saving energy for storage is of major importance as storage devices (and cooling them off) may contribute over 25 percent of the total energy consumed in a datacenter. Recent work introduced the concept of energy proportionality and argued that it is a more relevant metric than just energy saving as it takes into account the tradeoff between energy consumption and performance. In this paper, we present a novel approach, called FREP (Fractional Replication for Energy Proportionality), for energy management in large datacenters. FREP includes a replication strategy and basic functions to enable flexible energy management. Specifically, our method provides performance guarantees by adaptively controlling the power states of a group of disks based on observed and predicted workloads. Our experiments using a set of real and synthetic traces show that FREP dramatically reduces energy requirements with a minimal response time penalty.

► A new replication algorithm for energy-proportional storage management.
► Basic functions for load distribution, update consistency, and fault tolerance.
► A load prediction model based on past observations.
► Extensive evaluation results with real and synthetic traces