Opposing roles for E2F1 in survival and death of cerebellar granule neurons

► E2F1 is upregulated during apoptosis of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). ► E2F1 upregulation promotes mouse CGN apoptosis. ► Conversely, E2F1 upregulation promotes rat CGN survival. E2F1 played opposing roles in survival and death of CGNs.