کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4409343 1307479 2013 9 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Source apportionment and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmospheric environment of Alexandria, Egypt
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم محیط زیست شیمی زیست محیطی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Source apportionment and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmospheric environment of Alexandria, Egypt
چکیده انگلیسی

In this study, three receptor models [factor analysis/multiple linear regression (FA/MLR), positive matrix factorization (PMF) and UNMIX] were applied seasonally to investigate the source apportionment of PAHs in the atmospheric environment of Alexandria, and a lifetime cancer risk was assessed. ∑44 (gas + particle) PAH concentrations varied from 330 to 1770 ng m−3 and 170–1290 ng m−3 in the summer and winter seasons respectively. PAH concentrations at the industrial sites were significantly higher than at the traffic and residential sites during the winter season (p < 0.001). Summer PAH concentrations were significantly higher than the winter season at the traffic sites (p = 0.027). Results obtained from the three receptor models were comparable. Vehicle emissions, both diesel and gasoline contributed on average 36.0–49.0% and 19.0–34.0% respectively, natural gas combustion 11.0–27.0% and, during the summer only, also evaporative/uncombusted petroleum sources 8.00–18.0%. Seasonal trends were found for the gasoline emission source. Overall, PMF and UNMIX models afforded better source identification than did FA/MLR. The lifetime cancer risk assessment showed that incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILTCRs) were greater than the acceptable level of 10−6 through dermal and ingestion routes at all the investigated sites and through the inhalation route at the industrial and traffic sites only. Total ILTCRs (6.64 × 10−3–4.42 × 10−2) indicated high potential risks to the local residents.


► We investigated alkylated and parent PAHs in the ambient air of Alexandria.
► PAH sources were determined using FA/MLR, PMF and UNMIX receptor models.
► All models indicated that diesel and gasoline emissions are the major sources.
► In Alexandria, there is enhanced cancer risk due to PAH exposure.
► Major cancer risk was due to dermal exposure routes.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Chemosphere - Volume 91, Issue 7, May 2013, Pages 895–903
نویسندگان
, ,