DGT as surrogate of biomonitors for predicting the bioavailability of copper in freshwaters: An ex situ validation study

► The aim was to test DGT as surrogate to predict Cu bioaccumulation in bryophytes. ► A model coupling DGT and cation competition was developed for this purpose. ► The model was validated under four experimental field conditions. ► Coupling DGT and a cationic-effect model is accurate to predict Cu bioavailability.