Biodegradation of gas-phase styrene using the fungus Sporothrix variecibatus: Impact of pollutant load and transient operation

Biofiltration of gas-phase styrene was studied using a newly isolated fungus Sporothrix variecibatus, in a perlite biofilter, at inlet concentrations and gas-flow rates ranging from 0.13 to 14 g m−3 and 0.075 to 0.34 m3 h−1, respectively, corresponding to empty bed residence times (EBRT) ranging between 91 and 20 s. Styrene loading rates were varied between 50 and 845 g m−3 h−1and a maximum elimination capacity of 336 g m−3 h−1 was attained with nearly 65% styrene removal. On the other hand, the critical inlet loads to achieve more than 90% removal were 301, 240 and 92 g m−3 h−1 for EBRT of 91, 40, and 20 s, respectively. In order to test the stability and shock bearing capacity of the fungal biofilter, short-term tests were conducted by suddenly increasing the gas-phase styrene concentration, while maintaining the gas-flow rate constant. The response, a restoration in the removal performance to previous high values, after subjecting the biofilter to shock loads proves the resilient nature of the attached Sporothrix sp. and its suitability for biofiltration under non-steady state conditions.