Ozone production from Grenoble city during the August 2003 heat wave

The heat wave from 1 to 16 August 2003 is considered in the city of Grenoble (French Alps). The modelling system (PREVALP) is based on several models operating on nested domains: MM5 for dynamics, CHIMERE for chemistry (18 km and 6 km grid size) and METPHOMOD for both dynamics and chemistry (2 km grid size). The analysis of the results shows that during the heat wave, the mixing layer is thicker, up to 3500 m agl, hence inducing transport of ozone to high altitude. Two regimes were diagnosed: (1) a freely developing convective layer, (2) a layer trapped under south wind which makes ozone precursors accumulate in the city. Local ozone production is estimated to be 40% of the plume maximum in case (2) and only 30% in case (1). Sensitivity analysis by step increase for temperature at the boundary of the inner domain shows the non-linearity of the response; in this case most of the effect comes from chemistry. By changing biogenic emission significant changes are observed in restricted areas.