A review of process simulations and the use of additives in spray drying

The driving forces for protein migration during drying have been reviewed and existing simulations on drying process have been analysed. Current models of spray drying have not captured the diffusion process of both the solvent and solutes, or the effects of the solubilities and surface activities of the components. A new distributed-parameter, multicomponent model needs to be developed. Casein has been examined and found to coat spray-dried particles at 1 w/w%, significantly lower than other additives, such as maltodextrin, which commonly make up between 10 w/w% and 20 w/w% of the total solids. The efficacy of casein as a spray-drying additive thus needs to be studied.