Supported fluoro-perovskite catalysts for bio-diesel fuel production from waste and non-edible oils

This work investigated the production of bio-diesel fuel from vegetable oils with free fatty acids (FFAs) using supported fluoro-perovskites (MCaF3; M: K, Rb, Cs) as heterogeneous basic catalysts. The catalytic activities of supported MCaF3/SiO2 catalysts were found to decrease in the following order: Cs > Rb > K. In addition, these MCaF3/SiO2 catalysts showed greater tolerance to FFAs than a standard heterogeneous basic catalyst CaO.