An energy-dependent numerical model for the condensation probability, ?j

The “condensation” probability, ?j, is an important variable in the preequilibrium stage of nuclear spallation reactions. It represents the probability that pj excited nucleons (excitons) will “condense” to form complex particle type j in the excited residual nucleus. It has a significant impact on the emission width, or probability of emitting fragment type j from the residual nucleus. Previous formulations for ?j were energy-independent and valid for fragments up to 4He only. This paper explores the formulation of a new model for ?j, one which is energy-dependent and valid for up to 28Mg, and which provides improved fits compared to experimental fragment spectra.