Visualization and thermal resistance measurements for a magnetic nanofluid pulsating heat pipe

The results revealed that the addition of a magnetic nanofluid could improve the performance of the PHP, and in the magnetic field, thermal resistance decreased with an increase in heat input for all experimental parameters. When the heat input was increased from 20 to 55 W, a marked drop in thermal resistance was observed. In addition, the nanofluid particles were securely deposited on the wall under the influence of the magnetic field. Moreover, the nanofluid enhanced boiling by depositing a layer of nanoparticles on the boiling surface.