Numerical simulation of heat transfer characteristics of jet impingement with a novel single cone heat sink

Jet cooling is one of the most effective ways for transferring high heat flux, and the shape of the heat sink for jet impingement is the key factor that affects heat transfer. A novel array cone heat sink was proposed in this work, where heat transfer jet impingement enhancement using a single cone heat sink was experimentally investigated first. A numerical simulation method was used to evaluate the thermal characteristics of the novel single cone heat sink, and the reliability analysis was conducted to show that numerical simulation was feasible. The effects of several main parameters of a cone heat sink on average Nusselt number (Nu‾) were analyzed through numerical methods to explore the characteristics of jet flows and heat transfers in a single cone heat sink. These characteristics included the cone angle (A, A = 0-70°), cone bottom diameter to nozzle diameter ratio (d1/d, d1/d = 1-3), jet height to nozzle diameter ratio (H/d, H/d = 3-7), Reynolds number (Re, Re = 16,000-32,000) and heat flux density (q, q = 60-100 W/cm2). Results showed that the cooling effect of fluid impinging on a cone heat sink is superior to that of a conventional flat plate heat sink. A new impact region (transition region) was formed during fluid jet impingement on a single cone heat sink, consequently improving the heat transfer effect. The best cooling effect was observed at the following conditions: A = 50°, d1/d = 2, and H/d = 5. In addition, Nu‾ increased considerably when the Re increased within the range of 16,000-32,000, and a large q was obtained at increased top temperature on the heat source surface at the same jet flow rate.