Instabilities of thermocapillary flows between counter-rotating disks under microgravity conditions

Energy analysis shows that the perturbation energy consists of the viscous dissipation, the work done by surface tension and the interaction between the perturbation flow and the basic flow, respectively. For small Prandtl number liquids (Pr ≤ 0.01), the perturbation energy mainly comes from the interaction between the perturbation and the basic flow, which suggests that the instability mechanism is hydrodynamic. The interaction between the perturbation and the basic flow in the azimuthal direction becomes negative when a moderate rotation is applied on the disks, and the moderate rotation can stabilize the thermocapillary flows for small Prandtl number liquids.