Short CommunicationPyrolysis of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) sawdust: Characterization of bio-oil and bio-char

- Slow pyrolysis of hornbeam sawdust residues was performed in a fixed-bed reactor.
- Bio-oil and bio-char were characterized with the various techniques.
- Both bio-oil and bio-char could be used as bioenergy sources.
- The HHV of bio-char reached the maximum value of 32.88 MJ kg−1.

Slow pyrolysis of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) sawdust was performed to produce bio-oil and bio-char. The operational variables were as follows: pyrolysis temperature (400-600 °C), heating rate (10-50 °C min−1) and nitrogen flow rate (50-150 cm3 min−1). Physicochemical and thermogravimetric characterizations of hornbeam sawdust were performed. The characteristics of bio-oil and bio-char were analyzed on the basis of various spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques such as FTIR, GC-MS, 1H NMR, SEM, BET. Higher heating value, density and kinematic viscosity of the bio-oil with maximum yield of 35.28% were 23.22 MJ kg−1, 1289 kg m−3 and 0.6 mm2 s−1, respectively. The bio-oil with relatively high fuel potential can be obtained from the pyrolysis of the hornbeam sawdust and the bio-char with a calorific value of 32.88 MJ kg−1 is a promising candidate for solid fuel applications that also contributes to the preservation of the environment.