A method for incorporating the Kerr–Schild metric in electromagnetic particle-in-cell code

An algorithm is presented that incorporates the Kerr–Schild metric in an electromagnetic particle-in-cell code. This paper describes the algorithm and implementation for the simulation of charged particles in the region of a spinning black hole. A description is given of the method used to calculate fields, currents, and particle motion using the tensor formalism. We test the overall model by using a ‘toy’ black hole and accretion disk system in a uniform magnetic field to produce bipolar jets.