Conservative global gyrokinetic toroidal full-f five-dimensional Vlasov simulation

A new conservative global gyrokinetic toroidal full-f five-dimensional Vlasov simulation (GT5D) is developed using a novel non-dissipative conservative finite difference scheme. The scheme guarantees numerical stability by satisfying relevant first principles in the modern gyrokinetic theory, and enables robust and accurate simulations of tokamak micro-turbulence. GT5D is verified through comparisons of zonal flow damping tests, linear analyses of ion temperature gradient driven (ITG) modes, and nonlinear ITG turbulence simulations against a global gyrokinetic toroidal δf particle code. In the comparison, global solutions of the ITG turbulence are identified quantitatively by using two gyrokinetic codes based on particle and mesh approaches.