کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
5057030 | 1371697 | 2013 | 9 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
Height is associated with mortality from many diseases, but it remains unclear whether the association is causal or due to confounding by social factors, genetic pleiotropy,1 or existing ill-health. The authors investigated whether the association of height with mortality is causal by using a son's height as an instrumental variable (IV) for parents' height among the parents of a cohort of 1,036,963 Swedish men born between 1951 and 1980 who had their height measured at military conscription, aged around 18, between 1969 and 2001. In a two-sample IV analysis adjusting for son's age at examination and secular trends in height, as well as parental age, and socioeconomic position, the hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause paternal mortality per standard deviation (SD, 6.49Â cm) of height was 0.96 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.95, 0.96). The results of IV analyses of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease, cancer, external causes and suicide were comparable to those obtained using son's height as a simple proxy for own height and to conventional analyses of own height in the present data and elsewhere, suggesting that such conventional analyses are not substantially confounded by existing ill-health.
⺠Associations of exposures with mortality may be confounded by existing ill health. ⺠We used a son's height as an instrument for parents' height to avoid confounding. ⺠Parents of taller sons had lower cardiovascular and respiratory disease mortality. ⺠Parents of taller sons had higher mortality from cancer. ⺠Previous studies of height are not substantially confounded by existing ill health.
Journal: Economics & Human Biology - Volume 11, Issue 3, July 2013, Pages 351-359