Sonochemical synthesis of Pt-deposited SiO2 nanocomposite and its catalytic application for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell under low-humidity conditions

The direct deposition of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles on the surface of SiO2 without surface modification was attempted by irradiating ultrasound. This method enabled the formation of Pt nanoparticles with a narrow-sized distribution. The nanocomposites were blended with conducting carbon and applied as an anode catalyst for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. With various anode relative humidity, the membrane fabricated with the catalyst exhibited tolerance toward water-deficient condition showing sustainable performance, while the membrane with commercial catalyst degraded sharply. This was attributed to the SiO2's water-uptake ability, which retained the hydration level in the membrane under low humidity.

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► Direct deposition of Pt on SiO2 using ultrasound without any surface modification.
► Uniform and highly disperse Pt nanoparticles on the surface of SiO2.
► Anode catalyst for PEM fuel cell operated under low humidity condition.
► The performance of Pt/SiO2 exceeds commercial Pt/C below relative humidity of 50%.
► SiO2 absorbs water molecule to maintain hydration level.