Mechanisms related to the anti-diabetic properties of mango (Mangifera indica L.) juice by-product

This study aimed to determine the nutraceutical composition of mango by-product (BP) and to evaluate the mechanisms related to its antidiabetic properties. Mango BP reduced (p < 0.05) serum glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, which was not associated with a decreased glucose intestinal absorption or to the protection of Langerhans islets. Mango BP showed insulin mimetic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells, increasing Glut4, Irs1 and Pi3k expression. Mango BP reduced (p < 0.05) serum triacylglycerides in diabetic rats, which was associated to a decreased lipid intestinal absorption, and ameliorated diabetic nephropathy due to its renal antioxidant activity. The anti-diabetic effect of mango BP was associated to its high content of soluble fiber, as well as several polyphenols and carotenoids, like ellagic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, epicatechin gallate, and β-carotene. Therefore, these results suggest that mango BP could be used as a functional supplement for diabetes treatment.