Development of dispersive micro-solid phase extraction based on micro and nano sorbents

Dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) as a new type of solid phase extraction (SPE) is attractive for a variety of analytical applications including pre-concentration, clean-up and extraction methods. A comparison of D-μ-SPE with SPE method from several analytical and economical aspects is presented. Up to now the application of D-μ-SPE for the determination of many analytes is increasing due to the simplicity, fastness and low cost of it. Another important feature of D-μ-SPE is the diversity of solid sorbents to achieve specific selectivity and high extraction efficiency. Many reports have discussed the synthesis and application of different sorbents in D-μ-SPE. With the rise of nanotechnology, a large number of synthetic nano-material is widely used to enhance the extraction efficiency and reduce the extraction time of D-μ-SPE. Most studies focused on the magnetic nanocomposites sorbents. Herein, we summarize the type of sorbents and review the latest progress in D-μ-SPE.