Proposed energy management strategy in electric vehicle for recovering power excess produced by fuel cells

This paper highlights an energy management of battery-PEM fuel cell hybrid energy storage for electric vehicle. Generally, fuel cells (FCs) are not sufficient to satisfy the load demand, so batteries are added to make the system more sustainable. The studied system consists of fuel cells and battery bank storage to produce energy without interruption. The hybrid source is sized for feeding an electric vehicle of 3 kW. The mathematical model topology and the identification of each subsystem are presented. The power management control (PMC) is developed to supply electric vehicle without interruption. Two algorithms of PMC are developed in this paper. The first one, based on power balance, is used just to show the power flow between the different storage sources. The second one is proposed to recover fuel cells energy in case of energy excess. Obtained results under Matlab/Simulink and some experimental ones are presented and discussed.