Unmixing of mixed oil using chemometrics

In this study, chemometrics was used to unmix a set of oil samples that had been mixed in the laboratory using three end-member oils. It was shown that the concentrations of individual compounds in the mixed oil varied linearly with the fractional contribution of each end-member oil. However, biomarker ratios in the mixed oils varied non-linearly with the amount of each end-member oil. This study demonstrates that concentrations and ratios of biomarkers yield different results when de-convoluting mixed oils. Concentrations of biomarkers are therefore more suitable than the biomarker ratios for unmixing mixed oils. Alternating least squares of biomarker concentrations (ALS-C) provides an excellent way to calculate the number, proportions, and compound compositions of the end-members in mixed oil samples. The ALS-C results are accurate, regardless of whether end-member oils are included in the sample set. The biomarker ratios of end-member oils cannot be directly obtained by ALS, but can instead be calculated using related compound concentrations computed by ALS-C. This method should be applied and verified widely using actual geochemical data.