Cytotoxic dimeric xanthanolides from fruits of Xanthium chinense

Dimeric xanthanolides, pungiolides F-N, along with five known analogues, pungiolides A-E, were isolated from fruits of Xanthium chinense. Pungiolides H, L, A, C and E, exhibited moderate cytotoxicities with IC50 values in the range of 0.90-6.84 μM.164