Effect of provenance, plant part and processing on extract profiles from cultivated European Rhodiola rosea L. for medicinal use

► Authentic European provenances can be cultivated under temperate conditions. ► Rhizomes contained 1.5-4 times more total rosavins than roots. ► Plant part, solvent, genotype affect the decisive rosavins content detectable by HPLC and 1H-NMR. ► Distinction between rhizoma, radix, and rhizoma et radix is required to secure consistent quality.