Plant latex and other exudates as plant defense systems: Roles of various defense chemicals and proteins contained therein

► Plant latex contains great varieties of defense chemicals and defense proteins. ► Plant latex exerts strong defense activities against herbivorous insects. ► Plant latex is a system that transports defense substances to the point of damage. ► Insects developed physiological adaptations and/or adaptive behaviors against latex. ► Plant latex plays important roles in the plant-insect interactions.